PENGARUH PERBEDAAN QIRA’AT AL-QUR’AN TERHADAP ISTIMBATH HUKUM FIQIH
Abstract
The Qur’an was revealed in seven qira'at (the method of reading) to make it easy for Muslims. There are several ways to recite the Qur’an even though both come from one source, namely the Prophet Muhammad. The difference between Qira'at is related to "lughat, hadzaf, i'rab, itsbat, fashl, and washl". In "ijtihad" making conclusions related to a law, the scholars of Islamic law will refer firstly to the Qur'an. This research focuses on the impact of differences in qira'at on the legal status of Islamic low scholars. The difference is limited to the issue of jurisprudence relating to the law of washing feet in wudlu, touching skin in wudlu, two raka'at in tawaf, substitute for fasting, incest, adultery for married female slaves, i'tikaf in the mosque, war against the musryik in the Masjidil Haram. This research is classified as legal theoretical research conducted or aimed only at the arguments of the Qur'an hadith and opinions of scholars who are expert in the field of Science of Qira'at.
References
Al-Baghdadi, Abu Ali al-Hasan bin Muhammad bin Ibrahim al-Maliki. Kitab Al- Raudhah al-Qira'at al-Ihda Asharah, Mamlakat al-Arabiya: Arabia, 1994.
Al-Baihaqi, Abu Bakar Ahmad bin al-Husain bin Ali. As- Sunan Al- Kubro, Bairut: Dar al-Kutub Ilmiyah, 2003.
Al-Baili, Ahmad. Al-Ikhtilaf baina Al-Qira'at, Bairut: Dar Jail, 1988.
Al-Dzarqaniy, Syaikh Muhammad Abdul Adzim. Manahil al-Irfan fi Ulum Alquran, Bairut: Dar al-Kitab al-Arabi. 1995.
Al-Fadli, Abdul Hadi. Al-Qira'at Alquraniyyah, Beirut: Dar al-Majma' al-Ilmi, 1979.
Al-Farisi, Abu Ali al-Husain bin Abdil Ghaffar. Al-Hujjah li al-Qira'at al-Sab'ah Aimmat al- Amshar bi al- Hijaz wa al- Iraq wa Syam Alladzina Dzakarahum Abu Bakar Ibnu Mujahid, Bairut: Dar al-Ma'mun li al-Turats, t.t.
Al-Hushariy, Syaikh al-Muqri al-Mahsriy Mahmud Khalil. Ahkam Qira'at Alquran Al- Karim, Makkah Mukaromah: t.p., t.t.
Al-Jauziyah, Imam bin Qayim. Jami' al-Fiqih, Mansuroh: Dar al-Wafa, 2000.
Al-Jazos, Abu Bakar Ahmad bin Ali al-Razi. Ahkam Alquran, Bairut: Dar Ihya al- Turats al-Arabi, 1992.
Al-Khan, Mustafa Sa'id. Atsar al-Ikhtilaf fi al-Qaw'aid al-Ushuliyah fi Ikhtilaf Fuqaha, Bairut: Mu'assasah al-Risalah, 1972.
Al-Khayyath, Abu al-Hasan Ali bin Faris. Al-Tabshirah fi Qira'at al-Aimmah al-Asyrah, Riyadh: Maktabah al- Rusyd, 2007.
Al-Mursifiy, Abdul Fatah As-Sayid Ajami. Hidayah al-Qari Ila Tajwid Kalam al- Bari, Madinah Munawarah: Maktabah Thayibah, t.t.
Al-Qadhiy, Abdul Fatah Abdul Ghani. Al-Qira'at fi Nadzhar al-Mustasyrikin wa al- Mulhidin, Madinah: Maktabah Alquran wa al-Sunah, 1981.
_____________. Al-Wafi fi Syarh Syatibiyah fi al-Qira'at al- Saba', Madinah Munawarah: Maktabah al-Dar, 1989.
_____________. Al-Qira'at al-Syadzah wa Taujihuha min Lughah Al-Arab, Bairut: Dar al-Kutub al-Arabi, 198.
Al-Qaththan, Manna' Khalil. Mabahits fi Ulum Alquran, t.tp.: Maktabah al-Ma'arif, 1421 H/ 2000 M. Cet. III
Al-Qurthubi, Abu Abdillah Muhammad bin Muhammad bin Ahmad Abi Bakar. Al- Jami' Ahkam Alquran, Bairut: Mu'asasah al-Risalah, 2006.
Al-Rumi, Fahd bin Abdurrahman bin Sulaiman. Dirasat fi Ulum Alquran al-Karim, Riyadh: t.p., 2004.
Al-Shabuniy, Muhammad Ali. Al-Tibyan fi Ulum Alquran, t.tp: t.p., 1980.
Al-Suyuthiy, Jalaluddin Abdurrahman. Al-Itqan fi Ulum Alquran, Bairut: Maktabah al-Ashriyyah, 1988.
Al-Ukbariy, Abu Al-Baqa Abdullah bin Husain. At-Tibyan Fi I'rab Alquran, Qahirah: Maktabah Isya al-Bab al-Halabi wa Syarikah. t.t.
Al-Waqidiy, Abu Abdillah Muhammad bin Umar. Kitab Maghazi, Madinah: Al- Risalah, 1988.
Al-Zarkasyiy, Badruddin Muhammad bin Abdillah. Al-Burhan fi Ulum Alquran, Bairut: Dar al-Fikr, 1988.
Al-Zubairiy, Abu Abdillah al-Mus'ab bin Abdillah bin Mus'ab. Kitab Nasab Qurays. Qahirah: Dar al- Ma'arif, t.t.
Ambabiy, Husain Muhammad. Al-Qira'at wa Atsaruha fi Ulumil Arabiyah, Qahirah: Maktabah Kuliat al-Hariyah, 1983.
Bazhul, Muhammad bin Hamr bin Salim. Al-Qira'at wa Atsaruha fi al-Tafsir wa al- Ahkam, Arabia: Far' al-Kitab wa al-Sunah. t.t.
Ibn al-Arabi, Abu Bakar Muhammad Ibn Abdillah. Ahkam al- Qur'an, Bairut: Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, 2003.
Ibn al-Badiz, Abu Ja'far Ahmad bin Ali bin Ahmad bin Khalaf al-Anshori. Kitab Al-Iqna' fi al- Qiro'at al-Saba', Dimasyq: Dar al-Fikr, 1982.
Ibn Dzanjilah, Imam al-Jalil Abu Dzara'ah Abdurrahman bin Muhammad. Hujjah al-Qira'at. Bairut: Mu'assasah al-Risalah, 1997.
Ibn Mujahid, Ahmad bin Musa. Al-Sab'ah fi al-Qira'at, Qahirah: Dar al-Ma'arif, 1400 H.
Ismail, Nabil bin Muhammad Ibrahim Ali. Ilmu Qira'at; Nasya'at wa Athwaruh Atsarahu fi Ulumil Asy- Syar'iyah, Riyadh: Maktabah Taubah, 2000.
